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MAHASIVARATRI 2002 PHOTOS

The following discourse has been translated into English from Bhagavan's Telugu speech as heard on this festival's ashram audiocassette. It is a complete, literal translation made with the objective of preserving Bhagavan's precious original poetic style as much as possible.

DISCOURSE BY BHAGAVAN SRI SATHYA SAI BABA

Summer Course - 2002

# 12

29^th May 2002

Sarvabhuta Sthitam Yo Mam,

Bhajaty Ekatvam Asthitah,

Sarvatha Vartamano’pi,

Sa yogi Mayi Vartate.

He who worships Me abiding in all beings,

and who is established in unity,

that yogi abides in Me,

whatever be his mode of action.

                  (Sanskrit sloka)

A Meritorious Land

Embodiments of Love!

The Atma is present in every man’s body seen in the world. The Atma is present in every human being. The Atma, which is in all the individuals whom you see, is also in you. The one who recognizes and acts according to the Truth that the Atma which is all-pervasive and the Atma which is in you - both are One - is a true sadhaka (spiritual seeker). He may be a grihastha (householder), vanaprastha (forest dweller), sanyasa (renunciate) or brahmacharya (celibate student). Whoever it may be, the Divinity in humankind is One. For the one who recognizes this, whether he does action or doesn’t do action, God is always with him, beside him, in him and around him.

The country of Bharath is a meritorious land. The air that blows in this land is the personification of Truth. Even all the dust that is in this land is the personification of Dharma. All the water that flows in this land of Bharath is the personification of Love. Every individual who is born in this land has the character of forbearance.

A land that has such a sacred situation, level and circumstance cannot be seen anywhere else. Therefore, all ancient men in this country welcomed this sacredness. They made a resolution to perform Dharma. They welcomed honesty. They gave a high position to Dharma. Bharath experienced such sacred circumstances. However, if one sees the circumstances of today, they are seen to be very amazing and strange.

There are thousands of individuals who recognized the truth of this country of Bharath. How many of the individuals who realized such honesty in Bharath have attained God?

Sarvabhuta Sthitam Yo Mam,

Bhajaty Ekatvam Asthitah…

He who worships Me abiding in all beings,

and who is established in unity…

The Atma in every human being contemplates on Itself. In that same way, the Atma present in others is also sacred and One.

In the country of Bharath, the tongue that doesn’t chant God's Name and the hand that doesn’t give charity isn’t observed anywhere. Every Bharathiya has a hand that gives charity. The heart of every Bharathiya is a heart that contemplates on the Name of God. Therefore, the one who doesn’t recognize the great history of Bharath may be said to be a fool.

All Is Contained In Bharath

At one time, Vivekananda went to America. He went there and read the Upanishads and Bhagavad Githa a lot. He made one thing firm in his heart:

Sarvata Paani Paadam,

Tat Sarvatokshi Siromukham,

Sarvato Srutimalloke,

Sarvam Avritya Tishthati.

Feet, eyes, head, mouth

and ears pervading everywhere,

 God permeates the entire Universe.

(Sanskrit sloka)

“There is no place in Bharath where God is not present. Wherever observed, the sound of God’s Feet are heard. Wherever one goes, the sound of God is heard. Whatever heart one sees, one experiences its joys. I have to go again and see such a Bharath. Before, I showed some neglectful feelings towards the country of Bharath. If I go now, I will be able to propagate that God's nature is present in every atom. I will even sprinkle the soil of Bharath onto my head. Love is flowing in every drop of the water of the Ganges.”

Such a nature of God is One. It is full, immersed and flowing in the country of Bharath. Truth and Dharma have their birthplace in the country of Bharath. Peace and non-violence are maintained here. Hence, there is nothing that is not present in such a land of Bharath.

Enna Bharate, Tanno Bharata.

That which is not in Bharath

is not present anywhere else.

                  (Sanskrit sloka)

That which is not in Bharath is not present anywhere else. Therefore, all is contained in the country of Bharath. It looks like the entire world is bundled up and is present in the country of Bharath. Unable to recognize such great power and capability, Bharathiyas go to different countries and they suffer with the delusion that, “We have seen such-and-such sights.”

What Are Spiritual Practises?

Where there is self-control in Bharath, there will be no violence. Numerous people mortified the body for such self-control. Not only this. They undertook numerous spiritual practices to attain the bliss of the Self. What are those spiritual practices? For ordinary man, they are:

Sravanam (Hearing), Kirtanam (Singing),

Vishnu Smaranam (Remembrance),

Pada Sevanam (Serving the Lotus Feet),

 Vandanam (Salutation), Archanam (Worship),

Daasym (Servitude), Sneham (Friendship)

and Atma Nivedanam (Surrender to the Supreme Self).

(Sanskrit sloka)

Only ordinary men undertook these, thinking that they are spiritual practices. However, the culture of Bharath did not consider them as spiritual practices. The true and eternal Divine nature is only One. It is only Truth that is present in this, in that and wherever one searches. The form of Truth, the Absolute that is full of Truth, is shining in all periods of time. Wherever one searches, Truth is seen there. Wherever one looks, Truth is heard there. Truth is in all times and pervades all places. The culture of Bharath recognized the sacred Truth in this way.

The Strength of Forbearance

If the hearts of Bharathiyas are opened and observed, only forbearance will be seen in their hearts. From ancient times, Bharath experienced so many troubles and so many sufferings. Bharathiyas were given so many difficulties. However, they didn’t pay attention to any of them.

Forbearance is Truth.

Forbearance is Veda.

Forbearance is Non-violence.

Forbearance is everything.

Forbearance is happiness.

Forbearance is compassion.

It is in every living creature.

 (Sanskrit sloka)

For that reason, Bharathiyas had such a long life. Forbearance is their life principle. Forbearance is their breath. Their inhalation and exhalation is also full of forbearance. Such a Bharath succumbed to so many troubles, so many difficulties, so many losses and so many sorrows. They stood firm without paying attention to any of these. This is the strength of forbearance.

No suffering can affect the one with forbearance. These sufferings will turn the one who doesn’t have forbearance like a spinning top. Whoever tries to move an individual with faith in forbearance will not move or shake him even a bit. Hence, it is only forbearance that is pervading in the heart of Bharathiyas.

In another form, forbearance is called Love. A synonym of Love is peace. Whether called peace or forbearance or Love or man, all of these four have one single meaning. Hence, in the Upanishads ‘manava’ (a human being) means Love. Bharathiyas are ones who have such a nature of Love.

Nowadays people are unable to recognize the nature of such Bharathiyas and the ancient culture is forgotten. They thus succumb to worldly, physical and transient sufferings.

Ask Forbearance just once: “Oh Forbearance! How much is your power?” If this question is asked, Forbearance will answer, “It is not possible to say (to estimate my power because it is so vast).”

Yatho Vacho Nivarthanthe

Aprapya Manasa Saha.

Words and the mind fail to comprehend It.

(Sanskrit sloka)

It cannot be conveyed in words, thought or form. The culture of Bharath is such a sacred culture. This culture spread to all countries. From ancient times, this culture of Bharath spread to all countries and, due to that, the people of all countries declared:

Loka Samastha Sukhino Bhavanthu.

May all be happy.

(Sanskrit sloka)

They were happy saying that. The one who remembers it will be happy in all ways. Therefore, the effect of the culture of Bharath is to remember Divinity, which is all-pervading. Students, unable to recognize such a culture of Bharath, are undergoing numerous struggles to obtain many types of worldly affluence. No, no, it is wrong!

The Fastest and Heaviest Things

The culture of Bharath is contained in a few small sentences. “Oh Bharathiya! What runs faster than the wind?” A few scientists of today would say light. Then they would say other things. Yet the culture of Bharath does not accept this. It says: “That which goes faster than everything and which arrives before anything is the mind of man.”

“Then, what is the heaviest of all the things in the world?” Laughing and laughing, Bharath culture gives the answer: “One’s own mother is heaviest (strongest) of all. There is no heavier (stronger) thing in this world.” The strength of the mother is the strength of the country. For that reason, they call the country of Bharath - “Bharath Matha” (Mother Bharath). They call it “Motherland”; but why can't it be called “Fatherland”? No! There is such sacredness in the mother.

Then, the third one: “When going to foreign countries, what speaks with reverence and affection?” That only is our mother tongue.

“This is my motherland.

This is my dear mother tongue.

This is my religion.”

If one cannot pat his chest and say this,

he can be compared to a living corpse.

(Telugu poem)

“Wherever I go, that which speaks with me and converses with me is my language (mother tongue). Wherever I go, it is only my ‘Mother’ that is observed: I see Mother Bharath.”

They say that this plane or that plane goes fastest of all. All are only planes. No, it is the mind that goes fastest.

Sarvata Paani Paadam.

His Feet are pervading everywhere.

 (Sanskrit sloka)

It is that mind.

Manah Eva Manushyanam

Karanam Bandha Mokshayo.

The mind alone is responsible

for both the bondage and liberation of man.

(Sanskrit sloka)

This mind will take one to liberation. What will take one faster than that? So it goes with such speed.

There are numerous such comparisons observed in the culture of Bharath. Not only this. There are also so many things that students should recognize.

There Is Nothing That Excels Love

It is said that there is nothing that excels Love. That is forbearance, that is peace and that is Veda. The difference between Truth and Love has to be recognized. Sorrow can't be observed in Love. No matter how much time passes, Love continues to laugh, but sorrow can't be observed at all. Love doesn’t give pain to others and it doesn’t experience pain.

It is Love that is blessed:

It doesn’t get hurt and avoids being hurt.

(Telugu poem)

This Love doesn’t hurt others and it doesn’t get hurt. It moves about escaping pain. It is Love that is the personification of power in all forms.

So, you think that Love gets angry? People say, “God is angry with me.” God has no anger at all. Up until today, He is trying to find out what anger is. Wherever one looks, there is only Love, Love and Love. People say God has hatred. God looks in all directions thinking, “Where is it? Where is it?” Hatred is not seen anywhere. Finally, thinking that maybe this hatred is in darkness, God also goes there, shining a light. But hatred is not noticed there either.

So, there is no place devoid of Love. Love doesn’t have any hatred. It has no jealousy. Love is its own comparison. The heart is Love. It is a pleased heart. Love is the heart. It is full of Love. Love is Love only. It is infinite Love and non-dual Love. It is Love that is important and Love that is nectarine.

It is a big mistake to think, “Where is such Love? It cannot be seen!” Unable to recognize the Love that is in oneself, you are searching for it outside. Hence, if one looks outside, where is Love seen? One can see this towel only if one looks for it where it is. Yet, if one goes to some place where the towel is not present and says, “Where is my towel? Where is my towel?” how can one see it?

This towel may be in one place, and may not be in another place. However, there is no place where there is no Love. Love is all-pervasive. How can such a nature of Love have anger? When one does something contradictory to God's likes, they think that God shows a kind of anger. There is nothing in the world that is contradictory to what God likes. Therefore, how will He get angry? There is no chance at all for anger to come in Him.

At any time one observes, God is with you, beside you, around you and in you. He is below you and around you. So, it is a big mistake to wonder where Love is, without first trying to recognize such an all-pervading nature of Love. The entire culture of Bharath is full Love.

It Came About Through Refinement

How did they develop this culture? As it was refined (samskrimpa), it became culture (samskriti). (Swami holds up a handkerchief.) This came about through refinement. Where did this come from? It came from cotton. It is made by taking yarn from cotton. The seeds are removed from the cotton; the cotton is separated; the threads are made from it; and then, the threads are woven into a cloth. Due to this, it has now become a cloth. Due to refining it so much, this has taken the form of a cloth.

This is a silver plate. But how are you able to say it is a silver plate? In the very beginning, it was silver. This silver was given to a goldsmith and he melted it well. Being exposed to fire, it melted. He thus made it into liquid and poured it into a mould. Then he made it into a plate. Only by giving it so many difficult situations (treatments), it now becomes a plate that can be used. Therefore, if silver has to be made into a plate, so many different kinds of refinements have to be done.

In that same way, if ordinary man wants to become Divine, he has to be refined in so many ways. No, no! That refinement is not done at all. Man says, “I am a human being. I want to immediately become God.” He will (it is possible). However, that faith should be in you, shouldn’t it? That full faith should be within you, shouldn’t it?

The one who doesn’t have faith,

 yet goes about just like one who does have faith,

 will not be able to see Love.

(Telugu poem)

He is acting as if he has faith, but there is no faith. How can such a one behold Love?

Brahman (God) is the form of Love

and full of Love.

Love should be joined with Love.

 (Telugu poem)

Love has to be joined with Love. Therefore, such an embodiment of Love is the true refinement (culture).

Experiments Regarding Divinity

Today in the world, numerous people are doing numerous experiments regarding God. Not only experiments. Some religious or spiritual leaders are giving various messages. But it becomes ‘miss-age’ (misunderstood, as the true spirit of the message is lost). What is this message? To truly ‘search for God’ means… There is no need to search for this. Wherever one observes, God is present there. The boy Prahlada said:

Never have the doubt that

“He is in this and not in that.”

God is present everywhere.

Wherever searched,

He is seen there.

(Telugu poem)

Man fills his mind will all doubts. Through that, if he wants to see Truth, how can it be seen? Therefore, Brahman is the form of Truth. There is no opportunity to doubt this. Observe it without fail. With this Truth, God will immediately be seen right in front of you.

Hence, the culture of Bharath is the highest, so sacred, so firm, so Divine and so auspicious. If one inquires, without fail the truth of that subject will take form. Though they are inquiring, they are inquiring in a contradictory way.

At one time, numerous scientists undertook so many experiments regarding Divinity. Once Churchill came and said, “Oh crazy fellow! You are searching saying, ‘Where is God? Where is God?’ First and foremost, know who and where you are. You have not conquered yourself, so how do you expect to know God?”

God is within you. Unable to know this, saying you are going somewhere to search for God, you are going to America, you are going to Japan, you are going to Germany, and you continue to go somewhere or the other. There is no need to go anywhere, not even a half-inch. Go within the heart: God will be seen there. If you want to see the inner form while developing outer vision, how can it be seen? First and foremost, develop your inner vision. He will be seen within.

He Took Butter

Embodiments of Love!

Love only is your God. Love is your everything. You have to gain this nature of Love only through Love. Therefore, in what way should you see Love? This means:

In the barren land without Love,

for the seeds of Love to sprout,

with the emotion of Love,

To make the nectarine rains of Love fall,

to make the rivers of Love flow,

play Your flute,

O Krishna! Play Your flute!

                                                                                  (Telugu poem)

This nature of Love was understood well only in the Dwapara Yuga. Wherever one looked, only Krishna was seen. They liked the form of Krishna a lot. Whatever form was taken, whatever form they fancied, whatever form they contemplated on, God appeared to them in that form.

However, they didn’t recognize Krishna. “He is the son of Yashoda. He is doing all crazy things. He is taking butter from one house and putting it in another house. He takes butter from another’s house and puts it in still another’s house!” Why should Krishna do this cheating? They thought it is cheating. No, no! There is very much a secret in it.

What is the butter? To make butter, one must churn milk well. That which is churned takes another form (curds). Then they make it into the sacred form of butter. If God, who is in numerous forms, should be recognized as having one single form, this type of churning has to take place. In that unity, there is Divinity.

Consider well this small matter. You have drawn milk (milked the cow). You have put it on the stove and you are boiling it. When heating, the milk rises up, (with the sound of) bssssss! You take water that is on the side and you sprinkle it on the boiling milk. When it is sprinkled, that milk which has boiled up goes down. The milk that had risen up has become cooled.

Then what is this? Why did the bubbles rise up from the milk? If it is asked, “Oh milk, why have you become cooled?” the milk says, “For so long I have been friends with water. Due to the refinement with fire, my friendship with water has been separated. I have become separated from water. However, I cannot remain alone. So I went down (referring to the milk bubbles).” How great it is, just see! That close friendship has been cooled (has been renewed, as water was sprinkled on milk). He told about so many devises (ways to refine). So there are so many secret matters in Divinity.

"Oh Stealer Of Hearts!"

In Krishna’s actions also, many people think that wherever He went, He committed robberies. That word is very bad. If He steals, will He smear it all over His mouth and return? No, no! Yashoda had a doubt. “Krishna, Your whole mouth has the smell of butter. You are making mischief throughout the village. There are only complaints against You. You’re so young; will you do so much mischief? What is this mischief? Isn’t there butter in our house? If You ask, won't I give it? So why are You going from house-to-house and taking butter?”

He said, “Mother, it’s not that there is no butter in our house. However, butter means the heart. That is, it is even more sacred in the hearts of others. The butter (heart) in the one’s own house acts as it wishes to some extent. The butter (heart) of outsiders is very pure. Not only that. It also has a sacred smell.”

Yashoda said, “Dear one, don’t go outside. There is as much butter as You need in my house and I will give it to You.” When she said this Krishna answered, “I don’t need it. The butter from different houses looks like great butter to Me. I am not stealing it. I am directly asking for it and I am taking it when they are present. Based on this, all the devotees sing:

Bada Chitta Chora,

Brindavana Sanchara...

A big Stealer-of-Hearts,

who goes about in Brindavan...

                               (Swami begins a Hindi bhajan)

They say, “Oh, Stealer-of-Hearts!” When they said it like this, it is said that Krishna was so happy. If anyone goes and says to another, “Hey, thief!” the abused person will come ready to fight saying, “What is it? Am I a thief?” However, if people called Krishna, “Thief!” it was not like that. One has to call Him loudly:

Bada Chitta Chora,

Brindavana Sanchara…

A big Stealer-of-Hearts,

who goes about in Brindavan…

                                (Swami begins a Hindi bhajan)

Saying, “You are a Thief!” so many songs were composed and sung so joyfully and with rhythm. Therefore, God is a ‘Thief’ means that He is a ‘Thief-of-the-Heart’. He shines in everyone’s heart. The heart is the butter. Therefore, it is said that the One who steals the heart is Krishna. There are so many secrets contained in those Divine Names. It is said:

Krishtiti Krishnah, Krishtiti Krishnah,

Krishtiti Krishnah, Krishtiti Krishnah.

Krishti means: ‘the one who does agriculture’ is Krishna. Krishtiti Krishnah: the one who is blissful is Krishna. Krishtiti Krishnah: the one who gives bliss and is happy is Krishna.

So there are so many inner meanings in these words: Plough the land (churn the milk) of the heart, and put the curds of Love into it. The milk of the heart is thus made into curds. It means that if one has to make curds, one has to put some curds (starter) in it first. So, if the embodiment of Love should be obtained, it should be obtained through Love only. Therefore, God will be obtained only through Love. There are so many secrets contained in such a culture of Bharath.

That Which Is Refined Is Culture

Students!

We have arranged these lectures on culture (“Summer Course of Indian Culture and Spirituality”). Whether one says spirituality or culture, there is no difference. There is culture in spirituality. That is called refinement. That which is refined is culture.

There is gold in our hand. When giving it to the goldsmith, you give it to him telling him to make it into a bangle. He puts it into the fire, heats it, hammers it, stretches it and then he cuts it in many ways. On the third day, he himself will bring the bangle. How much refinement has to be done to make this bangle!

Regarding the crops in our land, a crop of paddy has ripened. We bring it all to the house. We put it in a bag in the room. However, will we eat it just like that? Not at all! First we pound it and separate the husk, put the separated rice in water, boil it and make it into cooked rice. Then finally we eat it. It is not possible to experience something exactly as it emerges. It may be experienced only after refinement.

Therefore, Students!

As soon as you were born, you did not learn so much education. Gradually and slowly, you learned ‘A-B-C-D’s, uttering with the mouth. Then you wrote ‘A-B-C-D’s. Again, you arranged it into spelling (spelled words). Then you arranged that spelling again into words (sentences). Only after all of that happens, you are able to read.

Hence, all refinement is like that. It has to be melted.  First melt it, and then it has to be imprinted. It must be hammered. It has to be stretched, it has to be shined, and it has to be polished. Then it will - tak! - be beautiful. For that reason, if beauty is to come, so much great work has to be done.

What Beauty Is

It is said that at one time Ravana became angry. He got angry and was unable to bear it. He went to Eswara, “Eswara! How much partiality You have! So much partiality! What narrow feelings You have! You gave beauty, loveliness and prettiness only to women and made men like a logs of wood. What is the reason?”

Then Eswara said, “Crazy fellow! You are comparing like this because you do not know what beauty is.” It’s said that Eswara gave the answer again: “The beauty that men have, where is it in women? The beauty that the male peacock has, where is it in the female peacock? The beauty in a male bull, where is it in the female cow?” When Eswara asked like that, it’s said that Ravana shut his mouth.

Eswara continued, “How beautiful is the peacock! Does the female peacock have its beauty? Does the female cow have the beauty of the bull? No! Therefore, I give beauty where it should be given. Beauty comes from My heart. My heart is beautiful. I am beautiful. So I give bliss appropriate to My beauty. You (demons) are ugly people; therefore your ugliness looks beautiful to you.”

They said this in the Ramayana. It is said that at one time Surpanakha came to Rama thinking, ‘I am beautiful.’ “Rama, does Sita have my beauty? She is only like an empty container. See how beautiful I am!” Then it is said that Rama and Lakshmana laughed. Each one’s beauty looks beautiful to them. However, they look ugly to one who is truly beautiful (pure).

Thinking that it was useless to prolong the argument with Surpanakha, it is said that they told her to go. “We are not as beautiful as you. Therefore, you can get married to someone who is beautiful, mother!” Saying this, it is said that they sent her away.

In this way, numerous people in the world continue to criticize God with numerous words. It is easy to criticize, but it is very different to inquire into it.

The Nature of Atma in the Body

Embodiments of Love!

In the culture of Bharath, there is beauty and joy in each word. Where can one get beauty without bliss and bliss without beauty? Beauty is bliss and bliss is beauty. Beauty is bliss and bliss is God's nectar. Some types of books describe the nature of God like this. Hence, study the culture of Bharath with earnestness and devotion. It has no difference of religion. All religions are One. All forms are One.

Yesterday I said that, after the body dies, they treat it very grandly. Why do they do that? If Mohammedans are asked, they say, “Sir, the nature of Atma, which was in this body before, is very beautiful and valuable. Now that beautiful Atma is not living in the body. Therefore, we are paying obeisance to this body.” They also carry the body for some distance.

Even Christians say the same thing: “The beautiful Atma was in this body before, but we didn’t pay attention to it. Due to it leaving the body today, we are showing respect to it.” Saying that, they give respect and perform so many different kinds of worship. In every religion also, there is the nature of showing respect to the body after death. Therefore, we should always give respect to the body. What is the body?

Deho Devalaya Prokto,

Jeevo Deva Sanathanah.

The body is a temple,

and the life inside is the Eternal God.

(Sanskrit sloka)

Therefore, this body is a sacred temple. Through this temple, we have to behold the Divinity in this temple.

We began the summer classes in order to teach you such an ancient culture. Not only this. In our daily life also, we should make distant the bad habits, develop good habits, and transform our lives into culture. Make this culture the most exalted thing in your lives. Therefore, it is very great to develop culture.

One is not educated just because he studies. Without culture it is not education at all. Therefore, culture should also be joined with education. So that you don’t indulge in crazy games, crazy pictures and crazy words when the holidays come every year, we have arranged this cultural summer course. Demonstrate culture, and through that, transform your minds.

Bhagavan ended His Divine Discourse by chanting the bhajan ,

“Bhava Bhaya Harana, Vanditha Charana…”

and “Subrahmanyam Subrahmanyam…”

Community Singing

It was Guru Nanak who first started community bhajan. Numerous voices join together and it becomes only one voice. That is community bhajan. Guru Nanak loved this bhajan a lot. He started it and offered it to the whole country. So all great ones like that arose in many ways in Bharath. They were praised in many ways, taught in many ways and inquired in many ways.

When all come together and sing as one voice, there is so much bliss! That is unity in diversity. We have to participate in this unity in diversity. That is true bliss. Therefore, everyone can come together as one for such a blissful bhajan. If there are ten people in the house, if this bhajan is done with at least ten people, so much bliss will be experienced.

  Summer Course Glossary

#12

May 29^th, 2002

Taken from "A Glossary of Sanskrit Words

Gleaned from Sai Literature"

1)     Ashrama: (pg. 41) A stage in a man’s life. Brahmacharya: the youthful life of a celibate. Grihastha: the worldly life of a householder. Vanaprastha: the life of seclusion of a recluse. Sanyasa: the life of a complete renunciate, an ascetic

2)     Brahman (pg. 88) The Cosmic Self; Paramatman; Brahman describes a state of consciousness beyond time and space, in which Being (Sath), Consciousness (Chith), Bliss (Ananda) merge to become One. That which is beyond eternity. The Katha Upanishad states that Brahman can be realized only in this life or in the highest spiritual realm. In none of the other spiritual regions can Reality be apprehended. Therefore, man has to seize the opportunity of this lifetime to work towards his goal, since failing to do so would mean returning to the cycle of birth and death. Brahman is the basic Truth of the Universe, which includes Oneself.

3)     Bhajan: (pg. 68) The singing of devotional songs in praise of God.